Types of Piles for Pile Foundation

Piles are can categorized based on the following attributes: 1. Mechanism of Load Transfer (Also See: Load Capacity of Piles) 2. Installation Method 3. Sort of Materials

Categorization of Piles due to load transfer: categories of piles are based on the method of Load Transfer -

End/Point Bearing Piles: When a bedrock or similar type of material exists in a site within a logical depth, piles are expanded to the rock surface. Here, the utmost bearing capacity of the pile is obtained on the basis of the elementary material; therefore the piles are defined as end or point bearing piles. In these types of cases the desired length of the pile is reasonably set up.

In place of bedrock, if a moderately condensed and hard layer of soil is assembled at a rational depth, piles can be broadened to a few meters into the hard layer.

Friction Piles: In friction piles, the load on pile is obstructed due to skin/friction resistance alongside the side of the pile (pile shaft). Pure friction piles seem to be reasonably lengthy, being the load-carrying. Capacity refers to a function of the shaft area adjacent to the soil. In congruity less soils, like sands of medium to low density, friction piles are frequently applied to enhance the density as well as the shear strength. When there is no layer of rock or rocklike material at a logical depth at a site, point/end bearing piles turn out to be very elongated and wasteful. To cope with this type of subsoil condition, piles are absorbed forcefully during the softer material to specified depth.

Friction cum end bearing piles: In most of the cases, the load-carrying capacity is reliant on both end-bearing and shaft friction.

Driven or displacement piles: They are generally created in advance prior to being induced, jacked, screwed or hammered into ground. This category contains driven piles of steel or precast concrete and piles produced with driving tubes or shells which are connected through a driving shoe. After that, the tubes or shells are filled with concrete. In this category there exist piles generated through placing concrete once the driven piles are removed.

Bored or Replacement piles: These type of piles need a hole to be punched through initially and at this stage the pile is then generally created with reinforced concrete. Based on the soil type, the shaft (bore) may be consoled or despoiled.

Get more information on Types of Piles based on Materials